| Country Information |  National name: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
President: Ahmet Necdet Sezer (2000)
Prime Minister: Recep Tayyip Erdogan (2003)
Area: 301,382 sq mi (incl. 9,121 in Europe) (780,580 sq km)
Monetary unit: Turkish lira (YTL)
Population (2005 est.): 69,660,559
- growth rate: 1.1%;
- birth rate: 16.8/1000;
- infant mortality rate: 41.0/1000;
- life expectancy: 72.4;
- density per sq mi: 231
Capital (2003 est.): Ankara, 3,582,000 (metro. area), 3,456,100 (city proper)
Largest cities:
- Istanbul, 10,048,900 (metro. area), 9,419,000 (city proper);
- Izmir, 2,398,200;
- Bursa, 1,288,900;
- Adana, 1,219,900;
- Gaziantep, 979,500
Language:
- Turkish (official),
- Kurdish,
- Arabic,
- Armenian,
- Greek | Ethnicity/race:
- Turkish 80%,
- Kurdish 20% (estimated) | Religion:
- Islam (mostly Sunni) 99.8%,
- other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews)
Literacy rate: 87% (2003 est.) |
Economic summary:
- GDP/PPP (2004 est.): $508.7 billion; per capita $7,400.
- Real growth rate: 8.2%.
- Inflation: 9.3%.
- Unemployment: 9.3% (plus underemployment of 4.0%).
- Arable land: 31%.
- Agriculture: tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulses, citrus; livestock.
- Labor force: 25.3 million; note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad; agriculture 40%, services 38%, industry 22% (2001).
- Industries: textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper.
- Natural resources: antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper, borate, sulfur, iron ore, arable land, hydropower.
- Exports: $49.12 billion (f.o.b., 2003 est.): apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, transport equipment.
- Imports: $62.43 billion (f.o.b., 2003 est.): machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport equipment.
- Major trading partners: Germany, U.S., UK, Italy, France, Russia, Switzerland.
Communications:
- Telephones: main lines in use: 19.5 million (1999); mobile cellular: 17.1 million (2001).
- Radio broadcast stations: AM 16, FM 107, shortwave 6 (2001).
- Radios: 11.3 million (1997).
- Television broadcast stations: 635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995).
- Televisions: 20.9 million (1997).
- Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 50 (2001).
- Internet users: 2.5 million (2002).
Transportation:
 - Railways: total: 8,607 km (2002).
- Highways: total: 385,960 km; paved: 131,226 km (including 1,749 km of expressways); unpaved: 254,734 km (1999).
- Waterways: about 1,200 km.
- Ports and harbors: Gemlik, Hopa, Iskenderun, Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli (Izmit), Icel (Mersin), Samsun, Trabzon.
- Airports: 120 (2002).
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