| Country Information |  National name: Bharat
President: Pratibha Patil since July 2007
Prime Minister: Manmohan Singh (2004)
Area: 3,166,414 sq km (1,222,582 sq miles)
Population (2005 est.): 1.1 billion
- growth rate: 1.4%,
- birth rate: 22.32/1,000
- infant mortality rate: 56.29/1,000
- life expectancy: 64.35;
- density per sq mi: 984
Capital and Largest City: New Delhi 15,334,000 (metro. area), 9,817,439 (city proper);
Other large cities:
- Bombay (Mumbai) 18,336,000 (metro. area), 11,914,398 (city proper);
- Calcutta (Kolkata) 14,299,000 (metro. area), 4,760,800 (city proper);
- Bangalore 4,461,100;
- Madras (Chennai) 4,382,100;
- Ahmedabad,3,653,700;
- Hyderabad 3,585,600;
- Kanpur 2,631,800
Monetary unit: Rupee
Languages:
- Hindi,
- Urdu,
- Tamil,
- Bengali,
- Kashmiri
- English (official),
Ethnicity/race:
- 72% Indo-Aryan, 25%
- Dravidian, 3%- Mongoloid and other 3%
Religions:
- Hindu 80%,
- Muslim14%,
- Christian 2.4%,
- Sikh 2%,
- Buddhist 0.7%,
- Jains 0.5%,
- other 0.4%
Literacy rate: 64.8%
Economic summary
- GDP/PPP (2005 est.): $3.699 trillion; per capita $3,400.
- Real growth rate: 7.6%.
- Inflation: 4.6%.
- Unemployment: 9.9%.
- Arable land: 54%.
- Agriculture: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish.
- Labor force: 496.4 million; agriculture 60%, services 23%, industry 17% (1999).
- Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software.
- Natural resources: coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land.
- Exports: $76.23 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.): textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures.
- Imports: $113.1 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.): crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals.
- Major trading partners: U.S., UAE, China, Hong Kong, UK, Singapore, Switzerland, Belgium (2004).
Communications
- Telephones: main lines in use: 48.917 million (2003); mobile cellular: 26,154,400 (2003).
- Radio broadcast stations: AM 153, FM 91, shortwave 68 (1998).
- Television broadcast stations: 562 (of which 82 stations have 1 kW or greater power and 480 stations have less than 1 kW of power) (1997).
- Internet hosts: 86,871 (2003).
- Internet users: 18.481 million (2003).
Transportation
- Railways: total: 63,230 km (16,693 km electrified) (2004).
- Highways: total: 2,525,989 km; paved: 1,448,655 km; unpaved: ,077,334 km (1999).
- Waterways: 14,500 km; note: 5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for mechanized vessels (2004).
- Ports and harbors: Chennai, Haldia, Jawaharal Nehru, Kandla, Kolkata (Calcutta), Mumbai (Bombay), New Mangalore, Vishakhapatnam.
- Airports: 333 (2004 est.).
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